I came to Australia to study the deadliest animal in the world. Now, there may be some Australian audience members thinking, Struth, science has finally recognized the importance of the drop bears.
But I'm not
studying drop bears because around the world, by 1
like malaria and dengue fever, mosquitoes kill more than
a million people every year, making them the deadliest animal on the
planet.
Now, in Australia,
the most common mosquito 2
disease is Ross River 3
and it occurs at 4
in some areas but not others. My
question is why? What is it about certain areas that makes them 5
disease?
If we can
understand the environmental factors that 1
to
disease transmission, then we can 2
the environment or
3
our 4
to prevent human 5
.
But to answer that question, I had to find out where the infected
mosquitoes were in South Australia.
And traditionally,
testing mosquitoes for virus has always been difficult. So I used a
new 1
. It takes these cards, which are 2
with virus preserving chemicals, and 3
them in honey.
Mosquitoes will come to feed on the honey and in the process, spit
virus onto the card where it can later be 4
. Now, no
one had ever used this technique in a 5
virus 6
before, so I had to 7
it.
I developed new
1
and set them at over a hundred 2
across
South Australia. And I captured over 20,000 hungry mosquitoes and let
them feed on the card for a week before testing the cards for virus.
Now you may not think that these traps look very 3
,
but science doesn't have to be beautiful. It has to be 4
.
And these traps are proving to be our most sensitive 5
of
detecting infected mosquitoes.
I found three types of infection: Ross River virus, Barmah forest
virus and Stratford virus which has never before been found in South
Australia. I now have the virus data I need to 1
my
2
and I'm collecting 3
data
about the environment surrounding my traps, like: the density of
human housing; the 4
of mammals; and the ratio of
5
to buildings, ...
... to see if any of those environmental
1
can link these virus 2
that I've shown
here. But the most exciting part of my research so far has been the
success of this method. Public health officials in Victoria,
Queensland and Western Australia have been in contact with us about
3
this technique for their 4
next
year. And I developed these traps on a 5
.
... to see if any of those environmental factors can link these virus hotspots that I've shown here. But the most exciting part of my research so far has been the success of this method. Public health officials in Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia have been in contact with us about implementing this technique for their surveillance next year. And I developed these traps on a tight budget.
I used recycled
milk cartons, pantyhose and paper clips to make the traps. Each trap
costs less than a dollar and can be 1
for the whole
season. That was important to me because the majority of mosquito
borne disease risk happens in economically 2
countries. In India, for example, where about a quarter of the
population lives on a dollar a day, there are thirty three million
3
of dengue infection every year. With my low budget virus
surveillance and spatial analysis method, I can help any country,
4
of 5
, find out: where their
deadliest animals 6
; why they're there; and how we can
stop them from infecting humans.
... end.