Choose the correct answers according to the article.
It has been a long tradition in the medical field in the USA for doctors to work extremely long hours, especially 1 (doctors still in training). This issue has been a focus of 2 for nearly forty years, after a patient named Libby Zion died under the care of a resident who had been on a 36 hour 3.
The case itself is controversial, but the parents sued the hospital because the 4 had been working for nearly 36 hours straight.
Regardless of the 5 issues in the case itself, it put the public 6 on doctors working under conditions of sleep 7. Since then, in the USA, the work hour rules have been limited. Residents should work no more than 80 hours per week nor 24 8 hours on duty.
While this is certainly an improvement, it is hardly a safe 9 for patient care. And for senior doctors and 10, there are no legal limits to working hours---none.
Compare the rules in the USA to those in the UK and European Union. Doctors there are not allowed to work more then 48 hours a week, nor more than a 13 hour shift.
Comparisons can also been made with other professions where the 11 is concerned. Airline Pilots and truck drivers have limits. Taxi drivers can't work more than 12 hours straight, and air traffic controllers can't work more than 10, and must have a full 9 hours of rest before the start of any shift.
The research on sleep deprivation is clear, people who don't get enough rest have the thinking ability of a person who is above the legal limit of alcohol---12 judgment and slow 13 times.
Says one 14, "I know of sleep deprived 15 who made 16 mistakes on their patients.
I know of residents who have fallen asleep standing up in the 17.... And I know of doctors who have 18 off the road after a night on-call and crashed their car into a tree. We need to stop denying the effects of sleep deprivation [and admit] that a sleep deprived doctor is dangerous."
The problem is that traditional doctors worry about 19 of care, that is, they think there must be some loss of knowledge or skill if the patient is 20 to another doctor too quickly.
For 21, this is something of a God-complex by doctors who feel that the natural laws of sleep deprivation---that apply to all human beings---don't apply to themselves. And also that they are 22 to the other doctor to whom they must 23 the patient.
This, however, is an old 24.
The new paradigm for patient care should be one of teamwork. Where skilled 25 assist each other, with 26 sleep, and 2728, on a patient's care.